Navigable vessel



C. P. M. JACK.

NAVIGABLE v EssEL. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 16, 1921.

1,393,537. Patented Oct. 11 1921.

I h H 210 1983 41 112510 CHARLES rn'rna MITCHELL JACK, or GLASGOW, SCOTLAND.

NAVIGABLE "VESSEL.

ToaZZ whom z'tlmay. co m 1 Be it knownfthat ,I, GHARLns PETER MITCHELL JACK, 'a subject of the King of England, residing at Glasgow, Scotland,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Navigable Vessels, of which the following is a specification. This invention is forimpro-vements in or relating to navigable'vessels designed for carrying liquids in bulk, suchfor example Navigable vessels for carrying liquids in bulk have been designed in which'there are vertical tanks forming part of the structure of the vessel and in order to obtain the maximum carrying capacity these tanks have been of rectangular form extending from side to side of the vessel. The capacity of any such rectangular tank cannot exceed certain safe limits and, it has been found, for this reason, necessary to employ a center-line bulkhead which separates the tanks into two rows one on each side of the bulkhead. A vessel so constructed depends for its buoyancy on compartments at the bow and the stern of the vessel, but it is found desirable, in order to give transverse stability, to have in addition to the bow and.

stern compartments, unfilledbuoyancy compartments along the sides of the vessel.

Such compartments for giving lateral stability have been. provided hitherto, ac-

cording to oneconstruction, by. forming the j vertical tanks'by approximately semi-circular bulkheads directly connected to the sides of'the hull, the tank proper being constituted between opposed concave faces of adjacent bulkheads. Inter-tank spaces between the conveX sides of adjacent bulkheads would normally constitute the lateral ends of the wings are liquid-tight in the* ship and so that in the neighborhood of stability compartments.

An advantage of the cylindrical tanks is that, by the natural strength which is consequent on its form, each such tank replaces four of the rectangular tanks and eliminates considerable weight of metal, for1 eX- ample that comprising two of the sides of each of the rectangular tanks. 'Mcreover, there are fewer tanks to test; and to maintain.

'The present invention is applied to a ship of the type in which the hold space is divided into tanks with their anglesfilljed by plating in large circular curves, which curves may, if desired be one center.

mania filed February .16, 1921.

3 said tank spaces.

all struck" from 4 Serial No. 445,497;

The object of this invention is to con- 1 struct for oil-carrying vessels, tanks of such form that-the advantages as'tofstrength and stiffness of a circular tank are substantially retained, and that the strength of the'tank Specification 01 Letters Patent Patented 001]. 11, 1921; i

shall be sufficient within its own structure 6 i to take up without aid from the hull structure,'all the stresses due to the pressureof the tank contents; consequently, the hull structure is not stressed by supporting-the bulkhead stresses which have heretofore "come upon it, andhave resulted in'serious leakage. I

There is a known construction of ship wherein the divisions between the hull slpaces consist of bulkheads, the middle of t e across only a portion of the width ofthe ship and being common tothe'spaces which are at the forward and after faces of it and in which bulkheadatand divergent from each of the vertical ends of this portion of the width of the bulkhead area pair.

of wings concave to the interior space of adjoining tanks and extending toward the hull so as toleave between the hull and the wings stability compartments which are vertical and are separate from the afore-v The construction, accessibility .of the joints and maintenance of width of each bulkhead extending" these compartments and the adjoining parts of the ships structure are improved according to the present invention by the employment of vertical web-plate distancepieces which are wider than the: frames and constitute short'bulkheads and are used as distance pieces to connect and at the same time to keep apart the end of each wing and the adjacent part of the bulkhead or ships skin, so that the outer ends and inner and on adjacent parts of the ships structureduring construction, and for painting and nspectlon and repair subsequently.-

As the continuity of the plating of the wings is interrupted where the aforesaid vertical web-plate distance-pieces are situated, the structural strength of the tank, regarding said tank as a unit, 18 accordlng to the present invention, malntained throughout its circumference by the combi nation with the aforesaid vertical web-plate distance-pieces, of brackets extending from nected with thwartship and longitudinal.

.ties, each wing'being V the next adjacent wing in the same tank. by

. l 'in. addition to the stringers being connected-v one margin of each web-platetin-continuation of the line of the wings and being conthus connected with these brackets and ties or stringers, for

' now be described in detail by way of ex- V ample, with the aid" of the accompanying.

:drawings in which-' i Y i 415 t Figure l'is a part'vertical; sectionon'thej the ends of the stringers are themselves ate tached to the web-plates.

One preferred form of the invention will center line of a portion ofYthe vessel embodying the present improvements;

Fig.2 1s a section on the line II -IIof Fig. 1; and. r.

Fig.3 is a section on'the line III III of Fig. 2. r

and inner bottom plating 3.

The ship is divided into tanks 20 by transverse vertical bulkheads, the middle portion 4 of'each of 'which'is flat and extends partly 7 .across the ship and isicommon to two adjacent tanks; e V r At the side margin ofeach bulkhead 4 is a pair of wings 5, 6, each wing concave to the interior spaces ofthe adjoining tanks 20, and extending from the central portion of the bulkhead toward the skin of the vessell In combination with each' wing in a pair (take for lnstance one w ng 5) is one of the vertical web-plates 7 that is substantially wider than the vessels frames and that might be so wideas to constitute'a short bulkhead and is appropriated to that wing and forms a distance-piece connecting but keeping apart the ships skin and the outer end of the wing, and thus leaving space-be tween the skin and wing in whichwork can their outboard ma be done. The two web-plates7 of a pair of wings 5 and 6 at one side ot'a tank have r ins tied to one another by stringers 10. K vertical web-plate '7' (similar to the web-plates 7 connects but keeps apart the inner 'en'dof the wing 6 and thecentral part of the bulkhead 4; at the placeat which theadj acent'wing 5 is nearest to' the'wing 6 thus the inner ends of a pair of wings Sand 6 are kept apart .and'a workingispace is afforded between them at those en s. r Y

Thwartship tie-beams 8 stiffen the part a and tie together the web-plates 7 of opposite pairs of wings, and thus anchor the ends of the curved surfaces 6, continuing the strength of oppositepairs' of wings across ship.

the space between Bracket 'p-lates l1 and 9 in virtual or actual continuation of the V Y curve of the wingsfr, fifwhere; this is termi nated by the web-plates? and? connect the margins of those web-plates to stringers 10 i and the thwartship"ties..8. ,lf' deslred the curve ofthe wings 6from opposite, sides of f a tank can be 'continued across the m ddle or the ship s0 that-the; opposite wings unite.

The bottom of each main tank can'be in communication, if desired, with the 2 space that is below, it in the double bottom oithe e the construction'described as it will be seen that .the tanks stili 'retain advantages of f strength and lightness'coinparableto those" which cylindrical tanks would havegiven,

v"The part 4 of the bulkhea'ds could be" curved. or corrugated? and not necessarily fiat as shown. Further, eachbulkhead could be' carried down, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1"at14,'to theplating of outer bottom at What I claimasmy invention and desireto secure by Letters Patent is I v 1. A' tank ship having tanks comprising in combination bulkheads each end of which extends toward the side of the ship in a pair ofcur'ved' wings divergingaway from one another and thereby forming with the sides of the vessel a chamber, a vertical web-plate (such as '7) for joining each wing to the side ofthe vessel, another vertical web-plate v (such as 7) for attaching the inner ends of .each pair of curved wings to oneanother,

The object of the intendd isdchidtd y".

the said web-plates being of such width and so disposed that access is readily afforded inthe aforesaid chamber tothe joints of the web-plates,'brackets (suchasll or9) each attachedat one end'to an edge of a 5 1 wing adjoining a web-plate and forming a I virtual continuation of the wing to which it is attached, and stringers (such as 10 -or 8) whichtie the other end'o-E each. bracket. to an opposedend of another bracket directed toward it." p V j V 2. A tank. ship having tanks-formed by bulk-heads each endof which extends toward the side of the ship in a pair of ccurved Wings diverging. away from one another and there-l by formlng w th-the sides of the vessel a chamber, and. aji'vertica'l web-plate (such. as 7) for jolning each wingto' the side oi the vessel, the web-plate being of suchwidth and'so disposed in relation to the sideof the vessel that access is readily affordedin the V chamber to the joints of'the'web or aid plate.

bulk-heads each end of which extends toward the side of the ship in a pair ofcurved wings diverging away from one another and thereby forming with thecsides of the; vessel a chamber, and a web-plate (such as '7) which attaches to one another the inner ends 3. A tank ship having tanks formed I of a pair of curved wings, the said web-plates being of such width and so disposed that access is readily afforded in the aforesaid chamber to the joints of the web-plate.

4. A tank ship having tanks formed by bulk-heads each end of which extends toward the side of the'ship in a pair of curved wings diverging away from one another and thereby forming with the sides of the vessel, a chamber, a vertical Web-plate (such as'7) joining each wing to the side of the vessel, the web-plate being of such width and so disposed in relation to the side of the vessel that access is readily afforded in the aforesaid chamber to the joints of the web-plate, brackets (such as 11 or 9) each attached at one end to an edge of a wing adjoining a web-plate and forming a virtual continuation of the wing to which it is attached and stringers (such as 10 or 8) which tie the other end of each bracket to an opposedend of another bracket directed toward it.

5. A tank ship having tanks formed by bulk-heads each end of which extends to ward the sides of the ship in a pair of curved wings diverging away from one another and thereby forming with the sides of the vessel a chamber, a vertical web-plate (such as 7*) attaching to one another the inner ends of a pair of curved wings said web-plate being of such width and so disposed that access is readily afiorded in the aforesaid chamber to the joints of the web-plates, brackets (such as 11 and 9) each attached at one end to an edge of a wing adjoining the webplate and forming a virtual continuation of the wing to which it is attached, and stringers (such as 10 or 8) which tie the other end of each bracket to an opposed end of another bracket directed toward it.

6. A tank ship having tanksformed by bulk-heads each end of which extends towardthe sides of the ship in a pair of curved wings divergingaway from one another'and therebyforming with the sides of the vessel a chamber, a vertical web-plate joining each wing to the side of the vessel the said webplate being of such width and so disposed in relation to the side of the vessel that access isreadily afforded in the aforesaid chamber to the joints of the web-plate,

brackets (such as 11) each attached atone end to an edge of a wing adjoining a webplate aforesaid and forming ar virtual continuation of the wing to which it is at tached, and longitudinal stringers (such as 10) which tie the other end of each bracket to an opposed end of another bracket directed toward it.

7. A tank ship having tanks formed by bulk-heads each end of which extends toward the sides of the ship in a pair of curved wings diverging away from one another and thereby forming with the sides of the vessel a chamber, a vertical web-plate attaching to one another the inner ends of a pair of curved wings, the said web-plate being of such Width and so disposed that access is readily afforded in the aforesaid chamber to the joints of the web-plate, brackets (such as 9) each attached at one end to an edge of a wing adjoining the web-plate aforesaid and forming a virtual continuation of the wing to which it is attached, and thwartship stringers (such as 8) which tie the other ends of each bracket to an opposed end of another bracket directed toward it.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature.

CHARLES PETER MITCHELL JACK. 

